Possibility Of Human Embryo With Three Parents Examined

Technology is taking all efforts to create healthy babies. From animals to humans, more discoveries are coming out in the open. Even in the formation of a human being, science is intervening to prevent deformities in fetuses before their birth.

To remedy thousands of hereditary diseases being transmitted to newly born babies, British scientists are looking into the possibility of creating a human embryo with three parents as a means to correct genetic deformities within five years.

Newcastle researchers in northern England used in vitro fertilization (IVF) or test tube embryos from a male and two other females using a combined DNA and their findings were recently presented at a medical conference in Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases conference in London.

As a way to prevent mothers from passing on to their offspring possible genetic defects and diseases, this experiment was conducted as mitochondrial DNA deformities responsible for diseases can be eliminated. According to statistics, one in every 5,000 or 0.02 percent of the population of babies being born in the world may suffer from mitochondrial diseases in the form of several diseases such as liver, kidney, heart or brain disorders. Others suffer from speech and hearing impairment or muscular defects or some form of epilepsy.

If this study will be successful, the scientists are looking forward that this will help in providing better techniques in preventing such diseases in new born babies in three to five years from now.
Mitochondria are essential since they are good sources of energy. If they are found faulty, this means they will not be able to use food and oxygen well in the body. As this happens, toxins may build up and later lead to numerous deadly diseases.

Researchers said such instances can be prevented once the embryos with problems are given sufficient attention through mitochondrial transplant. This is done through IVF and the removal of egg's nucleus. The removed DNA can be replaced by healthy DNA from the donor egg.

In the normal setting, the fetus receives nuclear DNA or genes from his biological parents. But with the use mitochondrial DNA, it comes from a third party.

Dr. Patrick Chinnery said it is like taking away the diseased mitochondria and being replaced by healthy ones from a donor.

This study is still in its preliminary stages and will be subject for a series of tests. But other critics are opposing the idea for possible creation of designer babies that might have other problems in the long run.

Maynard Joseph Delfin finished AB Journalism (cum laude) at the University of Santo Tomas. He has worked as book editor, deskman, copy editor and research and publications officer in leading publishing and research companies in the Philippines. Read more of his blogs at http://maynard_delfin.instablogs.com

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Tribal Art Tattoos- The Old Is New

The oldest known tattoo is that found on Oetzi, a Bronze Age warrior who lived some fifty-three centuries ago. Oetzis remains were founding 1991 preserved in the ice of the of an Alpone glacier on the border of Austria and Italy. Oetzi actually had fifty-seven separate tattoos, and although no one really knows their significance, it is possible that his intersecting and parallel lines are the earliest yet discovered example of tribal art tattoos. If so, Oetzi would be surprised to learn that he is quite the 21st century trend-setter.

In a world gone tattoo-mad, tribal art tattoos seem to have cause more than their fair share of the frenzy. They are the most requested, and most easily recognized, of all tattoos. With their startling black lines and sharply defined abstract shapes which somehow evoke animal, birds, and reptiles, tribal art tattoos remind us of a long-lost connection to an unspoiled world.

The term tribal art tattoos encompasses the tattoo styles developed by the by the African and Pacific Island tribal cultures, and of those the Maori people of New Zealand created the most distinctive tattoos. Their custom of identifying separate families within their tribes by cutting and coloring that familys history into the faces of its descendants is known as Moko, and has been the inspiration for many a modern facial tribal art tattoo.

Maori tribal tattoo art is recognizable for its two types of patterns. One was a pigmented line, and the other involved inking the background and allowing the untouched skin to form the pattern. Many of the Maori tattoos contain spirals similar to fern fronds.

The Native American also used tribal art tattoos as a means of tribal identification, and their warriors had battle tattoos believed to provide protection; the tribes of Samoa, on the other hand, would cover their young men entirely in tattoos as a rite of passage into adulthood. Tribal art tattoos have been used for a variety of reasons, and very few of them were simply ornamental.

Tribal art tattoos did not make their way to the civilized world until they were brought back by nineteenth century sailors who were willing tolerate the extremely painful inking techniques practiced by the tribal tattoo artists. But the tribal art tattoos which have currently taken the world by storm are not quite the same as the ones which decorated the torsos of many a sun-burned deck hand.

The mainstream tribal art tattoos with which we re all so familiar are really a hybrid form of tattoo, which combines features of the ancient tribal tattoos with design elements first introduced in the 1990s by master tattoo artist Leo Zulueta, himself a Filipino-American. Zulueta has made a point never to copy directly from the original tribal art tattoo designs, because he considers it disrespectful for those not directly related to the tribes to wear their symbols of family and empowerment.

The most sought-after tribal art tattoos today are armbands; chains of knots, barbed-wire, or flames are all popular. Stylized animal heads and sunbursts are great for the shoulder or chest area, and circular navel tribal art tattoos are also quite common. The tribal art tattoo, in fact, works very well in emphasizing bodily contours, and there are many designs ideal for the curvature if the lower back. There is, in fact, a tribal tattoo art design to enhance every part of

Author: Matt Garrett - 2007 http://www.TopTattooDesign.Com

Discover how to avoid being the one in four who Hate thier new Tattoo, including simple Tattoo safety tips, in our your free Tattoo Guide : -

Free Tattoo Guide

Chemistry - 7.5 Secrets of the Periodic Table

If you desire to improve your chemistry grade take the time to master the secrets of the periodic table. The periodic table is one of the greatest scientific discoveries of all time. It is probably second only to the scientific method. So, it is imperative that you master how to use the periodic table.

Secret #1 The Atomic Number

The atomic is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is the number of protons that determines the element. The atomic number of hydrogen is "1" and hydrogen has only one proton. The elements are arranged in the periodic table according to the atomic number.

Secret #2 The Modern Periodic Law

The periodic law, first presented by Dmitri Mendeleev and then modified by Henry Moseley, states that the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of the atomic number. Which means that there is a repeating pattern in the order of the elements.

Secret #3 The Periods and Families

The seven periods (rows) of the periodic table represent the seven energy levels that the electrons occupy. The eight families (columns) represent the orbital positions of the valence electrons of the elements.

Secret #4 Electron Configuration

The periodic table also accounts for the electron configuration of an electron. The first two families represent the "s" orbitals and the next six families represent the "p" orbitals. It is imperative that you take the time to understand how to write an electron configuration especially for valence electrons.

Secret #5 Valence Electrons

Valence electrons are the electrons occupying the highest energy levels. It is important to master this concept because the valence electrons are the electrons involved in bonding. You determine the valence electrons by counting the "s" and "p" electrons in that period. You can determine that fluorine has seven valence electrons by going to the second period and count over seven times.

How many bonds that fluorine will form is determined by whether fluorine will gain or lose electrons.

Secret #6 The Octet Rule

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain or lose electrons in order to obtain a noble gas configuration. A noble gas configuration is the most stable situation and nature tends toward stability.

Whether the atom will gain or lose electrons depends on which requires the least energy. Since it will be easier to gain one electron than lose seven, fluorine will tend to gain one electron creating an anion.

So, fluorine will tend to form one bond.

Secret #7 The Driving Force

The driving force behind chemical bonding is the tendency of atoms to gain or lose electrons in order to obtain a noble gas configuration. If an atom requires two electrons to obtain a noble gas configuration then it will gain two electrons by sharing electrons (covalent) or by taking electrons (ionic).

Secret #7.5 Exceptions

It is extremely important that you remain flexible when study chemistry or any science because there are almost always exceptions to the rule. Therefore be prepared for complications or exceptions and learn these exceptions. Don't fight it, just do it.

If you truly want a better understanding of chemistry you must learn the secrets of the periodic table and practice these secrets regularly. I invite you learn more about the "16 must know elements" or chemistry success by going to http://yourChemcoach.com

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How To Treat The Common Ailments Of Your Python

Many toying with the idea of owning a pet would like to know what it takes. In other words, most people feel more secure about getting a particular pet if they know at least 80% of what might go wrong and how to prevent it. I think those who want to own a pet python are no exception.

As an owner of a pet, you know top priority goes to the health of your pet. Anyway, most of the pet owners of python don't realize that common python ailments can often be detected and handled at home.

* Vomiting


One of the most common python ailments is vomiting. Do not you handle your pet python just after it has eaten; it may regurgitate. If your pet is under stress due to a feeling of insecurity or if it is infested with internal and or external parasites in its body,
it will tend to bring up its food.

To help avoid vomiting, it's a good idea to hope your pet python REST after a meal. How can you induce it to sleep? Raise the cage temperature to the recommended level for your breed. If you've also set up an ideal basking spot (hot spot), it will lie down there while its food gets digested, and will be much less likely to regurgitate.

* Constipation


If your pet does not defecate as often as it should ... or with great difficulty or if the feces are dry, in all probability your python is constipated.

Low humidity and low temperatures are the most common causes of constipation. You can avoid this by keeping sufficient clean water in the cage. In addition, keep a bowl of WARM water and encourage your python to soak in it.

* Scale Rot


If you notice any chipped or discolored - pink, red or brown - scales in the abdominal region of your python, it is probably suffering from scale rot. This disease could affect just a few scales or a single area or multiple areas.

Sometimes the cause for scale rot can be an internal infection that works its way to the outside and manifests itself as scale rot.

However the most common cause is improper cage hygiene.

If the cage is not regularly cleaned and disinfected, the python may have to bask in its urine and feces for prolonged times and develop scale rot.

A topical application of over the counter triple-antibiotic should clear up this problem. But you will have to transfer the animal to another cage while you THOROUGHLY clean and disinfect its current cage.

While the animal is being treated, do NOT allow it to soak in water. Give it water in a bowl that is just large enough for it to drink from.

There now ... that wasn't so scary, was it?

The above is an excerpt from the free newsletter on "Python Secrets" published by Geostar Publishing & Services LLC.

To subscribe to the newsletter, click on the link below:


http://www.pythonsecrets.com

Here's to a happier pet-owing experience!

Jessica Harrison

Geostar Publishing & Services LLC

6423, Woodbine Court,

St. Louis, Missouri,

63109, USA

http://www.pythonsecrets.com

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Jessica Harrison is the author of the best selling eBook "Python Secrets" published by Geostar Publishing & Services LLC.

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